WH - QUESTIONS

WH-Questions

There are eight wh-questions, which, what, who, whom, whose, when, where and why and to this list we usually add how as they are all used to elicit particular kinds of information. Who, what, which and whose can all be used to elicit information about the subject or object of the sentence. Whom can only be used to elicit information about the object of the sentence. Although using whom would be grammatically correct, we normally use who instead because it doesn’t sound so formal. When which, what, who or whose refers to the subject, the question word comes before the verb without the use of the auxiliary do. Note that who always refers to people and that before nouns which and what can refer to things or people: Who won the race? Barry. Barry won the race. Which train arrived first – the 7.15 from Reading or the 7.30 from Oxford? The 7.15 from Reading arrived first. Which trainee received the best-student award? The one from India got the first prize. When the question word is the object of the sentence, we have to use the auxiliary do: So, if Barry won the race, who(m) did he have to beat? He had to beat Simon and Pierre. Which train did Susan catch? She caught the 7.15 from Reading. which or what? When there are only two or three possibilities to choose from, which is normally preferred. When there are an unlimited number of choices, what is used. Compare the following: Which biscuits do you want me to buy – milk chocolate or plain chocolate? I’d like the milk chocolate ones, please. What kind of work do you do? I work as a lawyer for a firm in the city. whose Whose indicates possession, and like which and what, can be used with or without a noun as a question word. Compare the following: Whose coat is this? It’s Joan’s. Whose is that red car across the road? It’s the electrician’s. What precautions did you take? I made sure I was wearing lots of warm clothes. What did you do then? I simply set off through the snow when, where, why and how These question words elicit an adverbial expression and ask for information about time (when), place (where), reason (why) and method or way in which something is done (how). Compare the following: When will you next be in London? The week after next. When are you getting married? I'm not sure, next summer or autumn, perhaps. Where are you getting married? In an old church near my village. It’s such a romantic place. Where does your fiancée come from? She’s from Ecuador. Why didn’t you get married earlier? We’ve both been too busy, I guess. How was your holiday? Oh, it was great. Just what we needed. How do you like your coffee? With just a dash of milk and two sugars. How about some cake to go with it? OK, why not

PRONOUN

Pronoun is a word which takes the place of noun in a sentence.

Personal Pronouns are used instead of repeating the names of people. Following is the list of personal pronoun as subject and possessive adjective :

	Subjective		Possessive Adjective
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
First Person	I	We	My	Our
Second Person	You	You	Your	Your
Third Person	He She It	They	His Her It	Their

Examples :

She wrote a letter to her brother in Paris.

We invited them to come to my party

Pronoun (Kata Ganti Orang)

Subject Object Poss. Adjective Poss. Noun Reflexive Pronoun

I me my mine myself

They them their theirs themselves

We us our ours ourselves

You you your yours yourself/-selves

He him his his himself

She her her hers herself

It it its its itself

Example :

I myself want to prepare my examination.

How To Have A Good Conversation

The art of conversation takes practice, and is not as hard as you might think. It will take some knowledge, practice, and patience, and you can learn to relax and enjoy a great conversation.

S t e p s

Find out what the other person is interested in. You can even do some research in advance when you know you will have an opportunity to talk with a specific person. Complimenting them is a great place to start. Everyone likes sincere compliments, and that can be a great ice-breaker.

Ask questions. What do they like to do? What sort of things have they done in their life? What is happening to them now? What did they do today or last weekend? Identify things about them that you might be interested in hearing about, and politely ask questions. Remember, there was a reason that you wanted to talk to them, so obviously there was something about them that you found interesting.

Forget yourself. Dale Carnegie once said, "It's much easier to become interested in others than it is to convince them to be interested in you." If you are too busy thinking about yourself.

Practice active listening skills. Part of listening is letting the other person know that you are listening. Make eye contact. Nod. Say "Yes," "I see," "That's interesting," or something similar to give them clues that you are paying attention and not thinking about something else - such as what you are going to say next.

Ask clarifying questions. If the topic seems to be one they are interested in, ask them to clarify what they think or feel about it. If they are talking about an occupation or activity you do not understand, take the opportunity to learn from them. Everyone loves having a chance to teach another willing and interested person about their hobby or subject of expertise.

GLOBAL WARMING

By 2050, rising temperatures induced by emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases could cause the extinction of more than a million of earth’s plants and animals? Global warning is also causing glaciers to retreat and the ice caps to fragment and melt. If this catastrophe continues, rising sea levels will threaten coastal cities and entire island countries. Embrace the simple discipline of ‘Reduce, Reuse & Recycle’ as a lifestyle choice to help preserve precious natural resources and reserve the effects of global warning